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Country overview

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Country Quota Type(s) Results last election Click to sort by % of women
in parliament

Afghanistan
(SNTV)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

69 of 249 27.7%

Albania
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

23 of 140 16.4%

Algeria
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

30 of 389 7.7%

Angola
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

85 of 220 38.6%

Argentina
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

99 of 257 38.5%

Armenia
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

12 of 131 9.2%

Australia
(AV)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

37 of 150 24.7%

Austria
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

51 of 183 27.9%

Bangladesh
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

64 of 345 18.6%

Belgium
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

59 of 150 39.3%

Bolivia
(MMP)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

33 of 130 25.4%

Bosnia and Herzegovina
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

7 of 42 16.7%

Botswana
(FPTP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

5 of 63 7.9%

Brazil
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

44 of 513 8.6%

Burkina Faso
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

17 of 111 15.3%

Burundi
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House

34 of 106 32.1%

Cameroon
(Parallel)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

25 of 180 13.9%

Canada
(FPTP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

76 of 308 24.7%

Chile
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

17 of 120 14.2%

China
(N)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

637 of 2,987 21.3%

Colombia
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

21 of 166 12.7%

Costa Rica
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

22 of 57 38.6%

Croatia
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

32 of 152 21.1%

Cyprus
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

6 of 56 10.7%

Czech Republic
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

44 of 200 22%

Côte d'Ivoire
(FPTP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

18 of 203 8.9%

Denmark
(List PR)

70 of 179 39.1%

Djibouti
(PBV)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

9 of 65 13.8%

Dominican Republic
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

38 of 183 20.8%

East Timor
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

18 of 65 27.7%

Ecuador
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

40 of 124 32.3%

Egypt
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

11 of 508 2.2%

El Salvador
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

16 of 84 19%

Eritrea
(N)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

33 of 150 22%

France
(TRS)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

109 of 577 18.9%

Germany
(MMP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

204 of 622 32.8%

Ghana
(FPTP)

19 of 230 8.3%

Greece
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

52 of 300 17.3%

Guatemala
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

19 of 158 12%

Guyana
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

21 of 67 31.3%

Haiti
(TRS)

4 of 95 4.2%

Honduras
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

23 of 128 18%

Hungary
(MMP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

35 of 386 9.1%

Iceland
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

27 of 63 42.9%

India
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

59 of 545 10.8%

Indonesia
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

101 of 560 18%

Iraq
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

82 of 325 25.2%

Israel
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

23 of 120 19.2%

Italy
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

134 of 630 21.3%

Jordan
(SNTV)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

13 of 120 10.8%

Kazakhstan
(List PR)

19 of 107 17.8%

Kenya
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

22 of 224 9.8%

Korea, Republic of
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

44 of 299 14.7%

Kosovo
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

40 of 120 33.3%

Kyrgyzstan
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

28 of 120 23.3%

Lebanon
(BV)

4 of 128 3.1%

Lesotho
(MMP)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

29 of 120 24.2%

Liberia
(FPTP)

8 of 64 12.5%

Lithuania
(Parallel)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

27 of 141 19.1%

Luxembourg
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

12 of 60 20%

Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-)
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

34 of 123 27.6%

Mali
(TRS)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

15 of 147 10.2%

Malta
(STV)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

6 of 69 8.7%

Mauritania
(TRS)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

21 of 95 22.1%

Mexico
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

131 of 500 26.2%

Moldova, Republic of
(List PR)

19 of 101 18.8%

Morocco
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

34 of 325 10.5%

Mozambique
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

98 of 250 39.2%

Namibia
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

19 of 78 24.4%

Nepal
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

197 of 594 33.2%

Netherlands
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

59 of 150 39.3%

Nicaragua
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

19 of 92 20.7%

Niger
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

15 of 113 13.3%

Norway
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

67 of 169 39.6%

Pakistan
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

76 of 342 22.2%

Palestinian Territory, Occupied
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

17 of 132 12.9%

Panama
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

6 of 71 8.5%

Paraguay
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

10 of 80 12.5%

Peru
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

28 of 130 21.5%

Philippines
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

62 of 280 22.1%

Poland
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

110 of 460 23.9%

Portugal
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

61 of 230 26.5%

Romania
(MMP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

38 of 334 11.4%

Rwanda
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

45 of 80 56.3%

Senegal
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

34 of 150 22.7%

Serbia
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

54 of 250 21.6%

Sierra Leone
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

16 of 121 13.2%

Slovakia
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

24 of 150 16%

Slovenia
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

13 of 90 14.4%

Somalia
(N)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

37 of 546 6.8%

South Africa
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

178 of 400 44.5%

South Sudan
()

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House

88 of 332 26.5%

Spain
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

126 of 350 36%

Sri Lanka
(List PR)

12 of 225 5.3%

Sudan
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

87 of 346 25.1%

Sweden
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

157 of 349 45%

Switzerland
(List PR)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

58 of 200 29%

Taiwan
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

of 113 -1%

Tanzania, United Republic of
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

126 of 350 36%

Thailand
(Parallel)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

79 of 500 15.8%

Trinidad and Tobago
(FPTP)

12 of 42 28.6%

Tunisia
(Parallel)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House

57 of 217 26.3%

Uganda
(FPTP)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

131 of 375 34.9%

United Kingdom
(FPTP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

143 of 650 22%

Uruguay
(List PR)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas for the Upper House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level
  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

15 of 99 15.2%

Uzbekistan
(TRS)

  • Legislated quotas for the Single/Lower House
  • Legislated quotas at the Sub-national level

33 of 150 22%

Venezuela
(MMP)

28 of 165 17%

Zimbabwe
(FPTP)

  • Voluntary quotas adopted by political parties

32 of 214 15%

Total # countries with constitutional, electoral or political party quotas: 108
Average level of representation for women countries with quotas: 21.2%