Central and South America
General sources | Argentina | Bolivia | Brazil | Chile | Colombia | Costa Rica | Ecuador | El Salvador | Guatemala | Guyana | Honduras | Mexico | Nicaragua | Panama | Paraguay | Peru | Uruguay | Venezuela
General Sources 
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格㸲Argentina
Archenti, N. ‘Qué han hecho las Legisladoras? Impacto
de las cuotas en el Congreso
Argentino’, paper presented at the XXV International Congress
of Latin America Studies Association, Las Vegas, October 2004.
Argentina Parliament website, http://www.diputados.gov.ar/
Bonder, G. and Nari, M. 1995. ‘The 30 Percent Quota Law – A Turning Point for Women’s Political Participation in Argentina’, in A. Brill (ed.) A Rising Public Voice – Women in Politics Worldwide, New York: The Feminist Press of the City University of New York, pp. 183–93.
Chama, Monica. 2001. Las mujeres y el poder (Women and Power). Buenos Aires: Ciudad Argentina.
Craske, Nikki. 1999. Women and Politics in Latin America. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
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Gomez, Patricia Laura. 2001. ‘Actions positives et citoyenneté en Argentine’ (Positive actions and citizenship in Argentina). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (eds.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America) Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 83-110.
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Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: Une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.). La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
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Jones, Mark P. 1997. ‘Cupos de Género, Leyes Electorales y Elección de Legisladoras en las Américas.’ (Gender quotas, electoral laws, and the election of female legislators in the Americas). Revista de Ciencia Política 1.
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Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Rossi, Diego and Ines Tenewicki. 1996. ‘Participación política de la mujer. La Mirada del legislador desde el sufragio hasta la Ley de cupos’ (Women's political participation. The view of the legislator from suffrage until the Quota Law). Susana Botte (ed.) Mujer (Woman). Buenos Aires: Dirección de información parlamentaria, Congreso de la Nación.
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Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Bolivia
Benavides, J.C. 2003. ‘Women’s Political Participation
in Bolivia: Progress and Obstacles’ in International IDEA The
Implementation of Quotas: Latin American
Experiences, Quota Workshop Report Series no. 2, Stockholm:
International IDEA, pp. 104–11.
Bolivia Parliament website, http://www.congreso.gov.bo/
‘Cinco partidos incumplen leyes sobre cuotas electorales’ (Five parties do not meet the laws on electoral quotas). 2002. Cimacnoticias.com, April 3.
Estrada, Cecilia. 1998. ‘Bolivia: Mecanismos institucionales para la igualdad de oportunidades de hombres y mujeres y La mujer en el ejercicio de poder y la adopción de decisiones’ (Bolivia: Institutional mechanisms for equality of opportunities for women and men, and women in power and decision-making). Silvia Vega Ugalde(ed.) Acceso de las mujeres a la toma de decisiones en los países andinos (Access of women to decision-making in the Andean countries). Quito: Coalición Política de Mujeres Andinas. pp. 1-48.
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Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Rocha, Juan Carlos. 1997. ‘Bolivia-Women: Women Score a Win for Political Equality.’ Interpress Service, March.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Brazil
Araújo, Clara. 1998. Mulheres e representacao politica: a experiencia das cotas no Brasil (Women and political representation: the quotas experiment in Brazil). Estudios feministas 6, no. 1. pp. 71-90.
Articulação das Mulheres Brasileiras. 2000. Políticas públicas para as mulheres no Brasil. 5 anos após Beijing. Brasília: AMB.
Araújo, C. 1999. ‘Cidadania Incompleta – O Impacto da Lei de Cotas sobre a Representação Política das Mulheres Brasileira’, unpublished, Rio de Janeiro: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
Arajo, Clara. 2001a. ‘As cuotas por sexo para a competio legislative: o caso brasileiro em comparao com as experincias internacionais’, in Revista Dados, Vol 44, n. 1.
Arajo, Clara. 2001b. ‘Analisnado Estratgias potencialidades e limites das polticas de cuotas do Brasil’, in Revista Estudos Feministas, Vol 9, n. 1.
Araújo, Clara. 2002. ‘Ações afirmativas como estratégias políticas feministas’. Gênero, democracia e sociedade Brasileira, ed. Cristina Bruschini and Sandra G. Unbehaum. São Paulo: Fundação Carlos Chagas.
Araújo, C. 2003. ‘Quotas for Women in the Brazilian Legislative System’, in International IDEA, The Implementation of Quotas: Latin American Experiences, Quota Workshop Report Series no. 2, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 72–87.
Avelar, Lúcia. 2001. Mulheres na elite política brasileira. 2nd ed. São Paulo: Fundação Konrad Adenauer.
Brazil Parliament website, http://www.camara.gov.br
Caldeira, Teresa P. R. 1998. ‘Justice and Individual Rights: Challenges for Women's Movements and Democratization in Brazil’. Jaquette, Jane and Wolchik, Sharon (eds.) Women and Democracy. Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala. 2002. ‘Puzzles of Women's Rights in Brazil.’ Social Research 69, no. 3. pp. 733-751.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Malheiros Miguel, Sônia. 2000. Una política de cuotas por sexo: Um estudo das primeiras experiências no legislativo brasileiro. Brasília: CFEMEA.
Osava, Mario. 1998. ‘Brazil: Number of Female Candidates Increases, But Not Enough.’ Interpress Service, August 27.
Osava, Mario. 2000. ‘Politics-Brazil: Indians Surpass Women in Elections.’ Interpress Service, October 9.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Schmidt, G and Araújo, C. ‘The Devil’s in the Details: Open List Voting and Gender Quotas in Brazil and Peru’, paper presented at the XXV International Congress of Latin American Studies Association, Las Vegas, October 2004.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Chile
Chile Parliament website, http://www.congreso.cl/
D’Albora, A. and Levine, S. 1996. Importancia de una ley
de cuotas en Chile, Mujer &
Ciudadanía, Santiago: IDEAS Fundación.
Franceschet, S. 2001. ‘Women in Politics in Post-Transitional Democracies: The Chilean Case’, International Feminist Journal of Politics, vol.3, no.2, pp.207-236.
Gonzalez, Gustavo. 2001. ‘Politics-Chile: Women Notably Absent from Parliamentary Ballots.’ Interpress Service, November 21.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. Women in Political Power in Latin America. Manuscript.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1999a. Participation of Women in Political Life: An assessment of developments in national parliaments, political parties, governments and the Inter-Parliamentary Union, five years after the Fourth World Conference on Women. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Moltedo, Cecilia. 1998. Experiencias de participación de las mujeres chilenas en los partidos políticos. Santiago: Instituto de la Mujer.
Mufioz, A. et al. 1996. ‘Importancia de una Ley de Cuotas en Chile.’ In Mujer y Ciudadanía. Santiago: Fundación IDEAS.
Muñoz D'Albora, Adriana and Scarlett Wojciechowski Levine. 1996. La importancia de una ley de cuotas en Chile. Santiago: Fundación IDEAS.
Nunez Villaroel, Sonia. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes au Chili.’ Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (eds.)La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine, Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 111-139.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Valenzuela, María Elena. 1998. ‘ Women and the Democratization Process in Chile’. Jaquette, Jane and Wolchik, Sharon (eds.) Women and Democracy. Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Colombia
Colombia Parliament website, http://www.camararep.gov.co/
Gutierrez, Estrella. 1997. ‘Women-Latam: Andean Women Flex Their Political Muscle.’ Interpress Service, September 23.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Jaramillo, Isabel C. 2000. Legal Reform, Feminism, and Patriarchy in Colombia: The Case of the Law of Quotas for Women in High-Decision Making Positions Within the Executive Branch. L.L.M. Thesis, Harvard Law School, May 10.
Nivon, María de los Angeles. 2001. ‘En Colombia, el gobierno aún no permite mayor presencia de las mujeres en la política’ (In Colombia, the government still does not permit a greater presence of women in politics). Cimacnoticias.com, November 28. http://www.cimacnoticias.com/noticias/01nov/01112811.html
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Suleydy Gaitán, Sol. 1998. ‘Colombia: Desarrollos en Colombia frente a la Plataforma de Acción Mundial.’ Silvia Vega Ugalde (ed.) Acceso de las mujeres a la toma de decisiones en los países andinos. Quito: Coalición Política de Mujeres Andinas. pp. 147-182.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Costa
Rica
Camacho, Rosalía. 1998. ‘Las cuotas de participación política de las mujeres. ‘Paper presented at the Inter-American Dialogue/WLCA conference ‘La situación de la mujer en Centro América: una evaluación al umbral del siglo XXI,’ Managua, Nicaragua, March 12-13.
Camacho Granados, Rosalía, Silvia Lara Povedano, and Ester Serrano Madrigal. 1997. Las cuotas mínimas de participación de las mujeres: Un mecanismo de acción afirmativa (Minimal quotas for women's participation: A mechanism of affirmative action). San José: Centro Nacional para el Desarrollo de la Mujer y la Familia.
Chamorro Santamaría, Isabel. 1999. ‘La participación política de las mujeres.’ Revista parlamentaria 7, no. 1. pp. 73-83.
Costa Rican Parliament website, http://www.asamblea.go.cr/
García, A.I. 2003. ‘Putting the mandate into practice:
legal reform in Costa Rica’, in International IDEA The Implementation
of Quotas: Latin American Experiences,
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88–101.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Matland, Richard E. and Michelle M. Taylor. 1997. ‘Electoral System Effects on Women's Representation: Theoretical Arguments and Evidence from Costa Rica.’ Comparative Political Studies 30, no. 2. pp. 186-210.
Olsen de Figueres, Karen. 2002. ‘El camino hacia la igualdad. Las mujeres costariccenses en el Parlamento.’(The Road to Equality - Women in Parliament in Costa Rica). Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers. Stockholm: International IDEA. pp 147-156.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Torres, Isabel. 2001. La aplicacin de la cuota mnima de participacin de las mujeres. Ficcin o realidad? Un diagnstico para Costa Rica. San Jos: Fundacin Arias para la Paz y el Proceso Humano.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Zúñiga Quirós, Isabel. 1999. ‘Las mujeres en el quehacer político del Partido Unidad Social Cristiana.’ Revista parlamentaria 7, no. 1. pp. 287-315.
Ecuador
Brito Merizalde, Monica Soledad. 1997. La participación de la mujer en la política ecuatoriana (The participation of women in Ecuadoran politics). Quito: Editorial Universitaria.
Ecuador Parliament website, http://www.congreso.gov.ec/index.asp
Gutierrez, Estrella. 1997. ‘Women-Latam: Andean Women Flex Their Political Muscle.’ Interpress Service, September 23.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
León, Magdalena. 1998. ‘Ecuador: La incidencia de la agenda internacional en la participación femenina y en las políticas para la equidad de género en el Ecuador.’ Silvia Vega Ugalde (ed.). Acceso de las mujeres a la toma de decisiones en los países andinos. Quito: Coalición Política de Mujeres Andinas. pp. 109-145
Pacari, N. 2002. ‘La Participación Política de la Mujer Indígena en El Congreso Ecuatoriano’, in M. Méndez-Montalvo and J. Ballington (eds) Mujeres en el Parlamento – Más alla de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 45–62.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
El
Salvador
Asociación Internacional para el Desarrollo Económico y Social and CIDEP. 1997. ‘El Salvador: The poor ... are they saved?’ http://www.socialwatch.org/en/informesNacionales/328.html
El Salvador Parliament website, http://www.asamblea.gob.sv/
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. Women in Political Power in Latin America. Manuscript.
Murcia, Ana, Kristin Rosekrans, Mario Antonio Paniagua, and Alma Yanira Quezada. 1999. El Salvador Report: Transition and Participation. http://www.socialwatch.org/en/informesNacionales/271.html
Guatemala
Guatemalan Parliament website, http://www.congreso.gob.gt/
MacNabb, Valerie and the Central American Analysis Group. 1998. ‘Women's Role in Guatemala's Political Opening.’ http://www.thedialogue.org/publications/women/womengua.html
Guyana
Guyana Elections Commission, http://www.sdnp.org.gy/elections/
Guyana Parliament website, http://www.parliament.gov.gy/
Reyes, Socorro L. 2001. ‘Weighing in on the 50/50 Campaign One Year Later.’ News & Views, July. http://www.wedo.org/files/2001_jul_newsltr.doc#_Weighing_in_on
UNIFEM. 2000. Progress of the World's Women 2000. New York: United Nations.
Honduras
Honduras Parliament website, http://www.congreso.gob.hn/
Mexico
Baldez, L. ‘Obedecieron y Cumplieran? The Impact of the Gender Quota Law in Mexico’, paper presented at the XXV International Congress of Latin America Studies Association, Las Vegas, October 2004.
Bartra, E. 2002. ‘Três Décades de Neofeminismo en México’ in E. Bartra, A. Poncela and A. Lau (eds) Feminismo en México, Ayer y Hoy, Colección Molinos de Viento, Serie Mayor 130, Cuidad de México: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana.
Fernández Poncela, Anna M., ed. 1995. Participación política: Las mujeres en México al final del milenio (Political participation: Women in Mexico at the end of the millennium). Mexico City: El Colegio de México.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. Women in Political Power in Latin America. Manuscript.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997b. Towards Partnership Between Men and Women in Politics. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Kapur, Vatsala. 1998. ‘Women's Contribution to the Democratization of Mexican Politics: An Exploration of Their Formal Participation in the National Action Party and the Party of the Democratic Revolutioni.’ Mexican Studies 14, no. 2. pp. 363-388.
Lovera, Sara. 2002. ‘Indispensable que partidos políticos incluyan candidaturas igualitarias entre hombres y mujeres’ (Indispensable that political parties include a balanced list of male and female candidates). Cimacnoticias.com, March 6. http://www.cimacnoticias.com/noticias/02mar/02030605.html
Maya, Rafael. 2002a. ‘Se retracta el PAN de demanda de inconstitucionalidad’ (The PAN retracts its inconstitutionality demands). Cimacnoticias.com. January 15. http://www.cimacnoticias.com/noticias/02ene/02011505.html
Mexican Parliament website, http://www.diputados.gob.mx/
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Stevenson, Linda S. 1999. ‘Gender Politics in the Mexican Democratization Process.’ In Towards Mexico's Democratization, ed.Jorge Dominguez and Alejandro Poire. New York: Routledge.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Nicaragua
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Nicaraguan Parliament website, http://www.asamblea.gob.ni/
Panama
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Panama Parliament website, http://www.asamblea.gob.pa/
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Paraguay
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Paraguay Parliament website, http://www.camdip.gov.py/
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Peru
Barrig, Maruja. 1998. ‘Female Leadership, Violence, and Citizenship in Peru’. Jaquette, Jane and Wolchik, Sharon (eds.) Women and Democracy. Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp.104-124.
Blondet, Cecilia. 1998. ‘El poder político en la mira de las mujeres.’ In Poder politico con perfume de mujer. Las cuotas en el Perú. Lima: Movimiento Manuela Ramos/ Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
Blondet, Cecilia. 1999. Las mujeres y la política en la década de Fujimori. Working Paper no. 109. Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
Gutierrez, Estrella. 1997. ‘Women-Latam: Andean Women Flex Their Political Muscle.’ Interpress Service, September 23.
Hosken, Fran. 1998. ‘IWRAW Report: Peru.’ Women's International Network (WIN News) 24, no. 4. pp. 72.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Lama, Abraham. 1997a. ‘Peru-Rights: Women Gain in Political Representation.’ Interpress Service, November 11.
Lama, Abraham. 1997b. ‘Peru-Women: New Quota Law Aims at Correcting Gender Imbalance.’ Interpress Service, June 5.
Lama, Abraham. 2001. ‘Politics-Peru: Efforts to Elect More Women Founder.’ Interpress Service, September 13.
Peru Parliament website, http://www.congreso.gob.pe/index.asp
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números. Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Poder político con perfume de mujer: Las cuotas en el Perú (Political power with the scent of a woman: Quotas in Peru). 1998. Lima: Movimiento Manuela Ramos and Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
Schmidt, Gregory. 2003a. Cuotas efectivas, Magnitud Relativa del Partido y el xito de las Candidatas Mujeres: Una Evaluacin Comparativa de las Elecciones Municipales Peruanas. Lima: Manuela Ramos.
Schmidt, Gregory. 2003b. Las Mujeres y el Presidente: Fujimori y La Equidad de Gnero? Lima: Manuela Ramos.
Schmidt, G. 2003. ‘Unanticipated Successes: Lessons from Peru’s Experience with Gender Quotas in Majoritarian Closed List and Open List PR Systems’, in International IDEA The Implementation of Quotas: Latin American Experiences, Quota Workshop Report Series no. 2, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 120–33.
Schmidt, G and Araújo, C. ‘The Devil’s in the Details: Open List Voting and Gender Quotas in Brazil and Peru’, paper presented at the XXV International Congress of Latin American Studies Association, Las Vegas, October 2004.
United States Agency for International Development. 2000. The USAID Commitment. Report.
Villaneuva, Victoria and Rocío Palomino. 1998. ‘Perú: Acceso de la mujer al poder y a instancias de toma de decisiones.’ Silvia Vega Ugalde (ed.). Acceso de las mujeres a la toma de decisiones en los países andinos. Quito: Coalición Política de Mujeres Andinas. pp. 79-107.
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Uruguay
Aguirre, Rosario. 2001. ‘La citoyenneté politique des femmes en Uruguay.’ Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (eds.), La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine. Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 139-161.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997a. Men and Women in Politics: Democracy Still in the Making, A World Comparative Study. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Johnson, N. 2003. ‘La Cuota: un mecanismo necesario y efectivo para incrementar la participación de mujeres en cargos políticos relevantes? El caso uruguayo’ in A. Nelida (ed.) Estrategias Políticas de Género, Reformas Institucionales, Identidad y Acción Colectiva, Proyecto UBACYT, Buenos Aires: Instituto de Investigaciones – Facultad de Ciencias Sociales.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Uruguay Parliament website, http://www.diputados.gub.uy/index.htm
Venezuela
Castillo, Adícea and Nora Castañeda. 1998. ‘Venezuela: Informe Nacional de Venezuela sobre participación política de las mujeres y su acceso a la toma de decisiones.’ Silvia Vega Ugalde (ed.) Acceso de las mujeres a la toma de decisiones en los países andinos. Quito: Coalición Política de Mujeres Andinas. pp. 49-77.
Gutierrez, Estrella. 1997. ‘Women-Latam: Andean Women Flex Their Political Muscle.’ Interpress Service, September 23.
Htun, Mala N. 1998. Women's Political Participation, Representation and Leadership in Latin America. Issue Brief, Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.
Htun, Mala N. 2002. ‘Mujeres y poder político en Latinoamérica,’ in International IDEA, Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 19-44.
Htun, Mala N. and Mark P. Jones. 2002. ‘Engendering the Right to Participate in Decision-Making: Electoral Quotas and Women's Leadership in Latin America.’ Nikki Craske and Maxine Molyneux(ed.) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Palgrave. pp. 32-56.
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 1997b. Towards Partnership Between Men and Women in Politics. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union.
Jimenez Polanco, Jacqueline. 2001. ‘La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine: une analyse comparée’ (Women's political representation in Latin America: a comparative analysis). Bérengère Marques-Pereira and Patricio Nolasco (ed.) La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique Latine (Women's political representation in Latin America). Brussels: L'Harmattan. pp. 27-81.
Peschard, Jacqueline. 2002. ‘El sistema de cuotas en América Latina. Panorama general,’ in International IDEA. Mujeres en el Parlamento. Más allá de los números, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 173-186.
Venezuela Parliament website, http://www.asambleanacional.gov.ve/ns2/index.asp
Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas. 2001. Women and Power in the Americas: A Report Card. Washington: Women's Leadership Conference of the Americas.