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At a glance

Structure of Parliament: Bicameral

Are there legislated quotas...

  • No for the Single/Lower House?
  • No for the Upper House?
  • No at the Sub-national level?

Are there voluntary quotas...

  • Yes adopted by political parties?

Germany

(Federal Republic of Germany)

Single/Lower house

Deutscher Bundestag / Federal Diet

Total seats:622
Total women:204
% women: 33%
Election year:2009
Electoral system:MMP
Quota type: Voluntary Political Party Quotas
Election details: IDEA Voter Turnout
IPU Parline

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Last updated 2009-10-15

Voluntary Political Party Quotas*

PartyAcronymOfficial NameDetails, Quota provisions
Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands At least 40 % of each gender in boards and lists (Party Statutes, Article 11 [2], Electoral Code of the Party, Article 4 & 8 [2]).
The Left Party Die Linkspartei On nomination lists, the first two and then every other place are reserved for women (Party Statutes, Article 10 [5]).
Alliance 90/The Greens Bündnis 90/Die Grünen Since 1986, Alliance 90/The Greens have had a 50 percent quota for women on party lists (Geissel 2008, p. 61).
Christian Democratic Union CDU Christlich-Demokratische Union At least one-third of CDU electoral lists and party officials should be women (1996). If this quota is not met, the internal elections have to be repeated (Party Statutes, Article 15 [2-3]; Geissel 2008, p. 62).

* Only political parties represented in parliament are included. In case of legislated quotas, only political parties that have quotas beyond the national quota legislation are presented in this table.

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Last updated 2009-11-30

Additional information

SPD introduced a quota system in 1988. The target was 25 percent by 1990, 33 percent by 1994 and 40 percent by 1998. According to the 40 percent rule, it is required that the lists should be zipped, with the option of allocating every fifth place to someone of either sex (Geissel 2008, p. 61-62).

 

In boards, committees and delegations, Die Linke statutes dictate that half of the members should be women. If not enough women are available, the chairs are empty until by-elections can take place (Statutes, Article 10 [4]; Geissel 2008, p. 62).

Last updated 2009-11-19

Sources

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